Pollination
What is pollination? you have read that the stamens of a flower are the male organs. the anther of the stamens produces a powdery material called Pollen which consists of particles called pollen grains. each Pollen Grain contains two sperm nuclei that participate in reproduction. for initiating this process of formation of fruit and seed, the first step is the pollen grains must reach the stigma.
It may happen in three principal ways.
1. The Pollen of the same flower may fall on its stigma by itself (autogamy).
2. The Pollen of another flower of the same plant made fall on the stigma (geitonogamy).
3. The Pollen of a flower of another plant of the same species may fall on the stigma (allogamy) this transfer can occur through wind, insects, or other agents and the term used for this transfer is cross-pollination.
Pollination is the process of transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma of a flower.
Pollination must occur between plants of the same species. when different kinds of flowering plants may be growing in the same vicinity, for example, an orchard May have trees of mango, guava, Litchi, etc., and even wild trees like neem, Jamun Kore Sheesham may also be growing in the neighborhood. Similarly, various crops may be growing in neighboring agricultural fields wheat, mustard, pulses, vegetables. The wind may blow away the Pollen from all such plants together and thus the flowers of a particular plant may receive all kinds of Pollen of its kind as well as of others.
Similarly, insects like bees and butterflies generally do not discriminate between plants and collect nectar from all kinds of flowers. in the process, the insects are carrying different types of Pollen on their bodies. Therefore, the stigma of a flower of any one particular plant receives Pollen of its own species as well as of others. But nature has designed flowers or that only the pollen and of the same species of plant will survive and grow further to continue the reproduction procession and the Pollen of the rest of the type will fail to germinate and perish.
Kinds of pollination. There are two kinds of pollination;
Self-pollination
Cross-pollination
Self-pollination
Self-pollination is the transfer of pollen from the anther to the stigma of the same flower (autogamy), or to the stigma of another flower of the same plant (geitonogamy).
Cross-pollination
Cross-pollination is the transfer of pollen from the anther of flowers of one plant to the stigma of a flower of another plant of the same species.(Allogamy)
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